все формы слова take
Все формы слова take
take [teɪk] took / taken / taking / takes
I take
you take
he/she/it takes
we take
you take
they take
I have taken
you have taken
he/she/it has taken
we have taken
you have taken
they have taken
I am taking
you are taking
he/she/it is taking
we are taking
you are taking
they are taking
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been taking
you have been taking
he/she/it has been taking
we have been taking
you have been taking
they have been taking
I took
you took
he/she/it took
we took
you took
they took
I was taking
you were taking
he/she/it was taking
we were taking
you were taking
they were taking
I had taken
you had taken
he/she/it had taken
we had taken
you had taken
they had taken
Past Perfect Continuous
I had been taking
you had been taking
he/she/it had been taking
we had been taking
you had been taking
they had been taking
I will take
you will take
he/she/it will take
we will take
you will take
they will take
I will be taking
you will be taking
he/she/it will be taking
we will be taking
you will be taking
they will be taking
I will have taken
you will have taken
he/she/it will have taken
we will have taken
you will have taken
they will have taken
Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been taking
you will have been taking
he/she/it will have been taking
we will have been taking
you will have been taking
they will have been taking
I would take
you would take
he/she/it would take
we would take
you would take
they would take
Conditional Present Continuous
I would be taking
you would be taking
he/she/it would be taking
we would be taking
you would be taking
they would be taking
I would have taken
you would have taken
he/she/it would have taken
we would have taken
you would have taken
they would have taken
Conditional Perfect Continuous
I would have been taking
you would have been taking
he/she/it would have been taking
we would have been taking
you would have been taking
they would have been taking
to take
to have taken
to be taking
to have been taking
take [teɪk] pl. takes
Три формы глагола take — значения, употребление в различных контекстах
Английский язык изобилует неправильными глаголами, они применяются даже чаще, чем правильные. Именно поэтому так важно знать их значения и уметь правильно использовать. В сегодняшнем уроке мы в деталях разберем, как образует take 3 формы глагола, какие смыслы он может передавать и в каких контекстах употребляется. Начнем!
Стандартные и дополнительные значения глагола take в английском
Без понимания денотации изучаемого глагола мы не сможем полноценно применять его в устной и письменной речи. Поэтому приступим к рассмотрению системы его значений. Значения мы условно разделим на стандартные и дополнительные – это поможет нам отделить более употребительные контексты от необычных.
Стандартные
Стандартные значения глагола take – это те, которые используются наиболее часто в речи и передают прямой смысловой компонент без метафорических контекстов.
2. Принять, принимать. Смыслы глагола take здесь могут быть любыми: принимать в значениях «считать приемлемым», «употреблять пищу, лекарства», «взять в дар», «встречать у себя в гостях, проводить прием».
Рассмотрим значение «принимать в качестве гостя»:
Теперь изучим смысл «воспринимать»:
Значение «понять, воспринять»:
«Медицинский контекст». Принимать лекарства, таблетки:
Другой компонент значения:
Смысл «принимать что-то в дар», «получать презенты»:
Опять же значение «принимать», но в составе устойчивой конструкции:
Дополнительные
Эти значения глагола take являются менее частотными, поскольку передают не прямой смысл глагола, а переносно выражают какие-либо его свойства.
1. Считать. В значении «воспринимать за».
2. Полагать. По значению стремится к вводной конструкции.
To take – 3 формы глагола и применение во временных аспектах
Нам известны обыкновенные и нестандартные компоненты значений изучаемого глагола. Настало время узнать, какие три формы он имеет и в каких временных контекстах они могут употребляться. Чтобы правильно применять глагол, нужно для начала знать, правильный он или неправильный. Глагол take – неправильный.
Мы знаем, что в английском языке неправильные глаголы имеют три формы (инфинитив, прошедшее время Past Simple, причастие прошедшего времени): это известно из таблицы неправильных глаголов. К ним добавится причастие настоящего времени. Take — неправильный глагол, поэтому его формы образуются немного необычно:
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Simple | Past Participle |
| take | taking | took | taken |
Теперь посмотрим на примерах, в каких случаях стоит применять формы глагола take.
1. Первая необычная форма слова take, с которой мы столкнулись – это причастие настоящего времени «taking».
В таком виде глагол наиболее часто участвует в образовании временного аспекта Continuous.
К примеру, рассмотрим take в Present Continuous:
2. Другая форма – took – помогает образовывать прошедшее время Past Simple. С помощью формы take в past simple мы сможем передать фактические события из прошлого.
3. Причастие прошедшего времени используется для образования более сложных времен группы Perfect. Эти времена не просто передают действие, совершившееся в прошлом, но и демонстрируют его связь с другими действиями в настоящем или прошлом. К примеру, мы будем использовать форму «taken», чтобы образовать Past Perfect в таком случае:
Почему здесь употребили в качестве формы глагола take именно Past Perfect? Все дело в том, что в предложении имеются два действия, причем оба прошедших; одно из них произошло раньше, а другое – позже. Для передачи действия, которое произошло раньше, мы применяем форму Past Perfect «had taken», а для того, что позже – уже известное нам время Past Simple.
Посмотрим на применение глагола в другом времени группы Perfect. Это время Present Perfect, передающее результат совершенного действия и его непосредственную связь с настоящим. К примеру, если кто-то забрал все мои деньги, в настоящем мне может быть не на что жить:
Действие произошло в прошлом, но трудности из-за его последствий остаются с говорящим и в настоящий момент времени, поэтому нам необходимо употребить take в Present Perfect.
Сводная таблица форм to take во всех временных аспектах
Теперь мы знаем практически все о глаголе to take. Осталось посмотреть на большую таблицу, в которой отражены все его временные формы. Это поможет нам полноценно рассмотреть все аспекты времени, которые глагол может передавать.
| Время | Аспекты | |||
| Simple | Continuous | Perfect | Perfect Continuous | |
| Настоящее (Present) | take he/she/it+es = takes | I am; + taking | have taken he/she/it has taken | have + been taking |
| Прошедшее (Past) | took | were taking he/she/it was taking | had taken | had been taking |
| Будущее (Future) | will take | will be taking | will have taken | will have been taking |
Мы в подробностях рассмотрели, как английский глагол take – «взять, брать» — образует 3 формы, узнали различные его значения и изучили функционирование в словосочетаниях и предложениях. Чтобы материал запомнился лучше, постарайтесь повторить основные вехи изученного и самостоятельно составить предложения с неправильным глаголом to take. Желаем успехов, до скорой встречи!
Спряжение глагола «to take» (Английский язык)
Глагол to take – неправильный глагол в английском языке, в переводе на русский означает: брать; взять, захватить, овладеть; ловить.
| Infinitive | to take |
|---|---|
| Simple past | took |
| Past participle | taken |
| -s | takes |
| -ing | taking |
Take in present simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He does not take
She does not take
It does not take
Вопрос
Does he take?
Does she take?
Does it take?
Take in present continuous
Утверждение
He is taking
She is taking
It is taking
Отрицание
You are not taking
He is not taking
She is not taking
It is not taking
You are not taking
They are not taking
Вопрос
Is he taking?
Is she taking?
Is it taking?
Take in present perfect
Утверждение
He has taken
She has taken
It has taken
Отрицание
You have not taken
He has not taken
She has not taken
It has not taken
You have not taken
They have not taken
Вопрос
Has he taken?
Has she taken?
Has it taken?
Take in present perfect continuous
Утверждение
I have been taking
You have been taking
He has been taking
She has been taking
It has been taking
We have been taking
You have been taking
They have been taking
Отрицание
I have not been taking
You have not been taking
He has not been taking
She has not been taking
It has not been taking
We have not been taking
You have not been taking
They have not been taking
Вопрос
Have I been taking?
Have you been taking?
Has he been taking?
Has she been taking?
Has it been taking?
Have we been taking?
Have you been taking?
Have they been taking?
Take in past simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He did not take
She did not take
It did not take
Вопрос
Did he take?
Did she take?
Did it take?
Take in past continuous
Утверждение
He was taking
She was taking
It was taking
Отрицание
You were not taking
He was not taking
She was not taking
It was not taking
We were not taking
You were not taking
They were not taking
Вопрос
Was he taking?
Was she taking?
Was it taking?
Take in past perfect
Утверждение
He had taken
She had taken
It had taken
Отрицание
He had not taken
She had not taken
It had not taken
They had not taken
Вопрос
Had he taken?
Had she taken?
Had it taken?
Take in past perfect continuous
Утверждение
You had been taking
He had been taking
She had been taking
It had been taking
We had been taking
You had been taking
They had been taking
Отрицание
I had not been taking
You had not been taking
He had not been taking
She had not been taking
It had not been taking
We had not been taking
You had not been taking
They had not been taking
Вопрос
Had you been taking?
Had he been taking?
Had she been taking?
Had it been taking?
Had we been taking?
Had you been taking?
Had they been taking?
Take in future simple
Утверждение
He will take
She will take
It will take
Отрицание
He will not take
She will not take
It will not take
They will not take
Вопрос
Will he take?
Will she take?
Will it take?
Take in future continuous
Утверждение
You will be taking
He will be taking
She will be taking
It will be taking
You will be taking
They will be taking
Отрицание
I will not be taking
You will not be taking
He will not be taking
She will not be taking
It will not be taking
We will not be taking
You will not be taking
They will not be taking
Вопрос
Will you be taking?
Will he be taking?
Will she be taking?
Will it be taking?
Will you be taking?
Will they be taking?
Take in future perfect
Утверждение
You will have taken
He will have taken
She will have taken
It will have taken
We will have taken
You will have taken
They will have taken
Отрицание
I will not have taken
You will not have taken
He will not have taken
She will not have taken
It will not have taken
We will not have taken
You will not have taken
They will not have taken
Вопрос
Will you have taken?
Will he have taken?
Will she have taken?
Will it have taken?
Will we have taken?
Will you have taken?
Will they have taken?
Take in future perfect continuous
Утверждение
I will have been taking
You will have been taking
He will have been taking
She will have been taking
It will have been taking
We will have been taking
You will have been taking
They will have been taking
Отрицание
I will not have been taking
You will not have been taking
He will not have been taking
She will not have been taking
It will not have been taking
We will not have been taking
You will not have been taking
They will not have been taking
Вопрос
Will I have been taking?
Will you have been taking?
Will he have been taking?
Will she have been taking?
Will it have been taking?
Will we have been taking?
Will you have been taking?
Will they have been taking?
Take in conditional present
Утверждение
He would take
She would take
It would take
Отрицание
You would not take
He would not take
She would not take
It would not take
You would not take
They would not take
Вопрос
Would he take?
Would she take?
Would it take?
Take in conditional present progressive
Утверждение
You would be taking
He would be taking
She would be taking
It would be taking
We would be taking
You would be taking
They would be taking
Отрицание
I would not be taking
You would not be taking
He would not be taking
She would not be taking
It would not be taking
We would not be taking
You would not be taking
They would not be taking
Вопрос
Would you be taking?
Would he be taking?
Would she be taking?
Would it be taking?
Would we be taking?
Would you be taking?
Would they be taking?
Take in conditional perfect
Утверждение
I would have taken
You would have taken
He would have taken
She would have taken
It would have taken
We would have taken
You would have taken
They would have taken
Отрицание
I would not have taken
You would not have taken
He would not have taken
She would not have taken
It would not have taken
We would not have taken
You would not have taken
They would not have taken
Вопрос
Would I have taken?
Would you have taken?
Would he have taken?
Would she have taken?
Would it have taken?
Would we have taken?
Would you have taken?
Would they have taken?
Take in conditional perfect progressive
Утверждение
I would have been taking
You would have been taking
He would have been taking
She would have been taking
It would have been taking
We would have been taking
You would have been taking
They would have been taking
Отрицание
I would not have been taking
You would not have been taking
He would not have been taking
She would not have been taking
It would not have been taking
We would not have been taking
You would not have been taking
They would not have been taking
Вопрос
Would I have been taking?
Would you have been taking?
Would he have been taking?
Would she have been taking?
Would it have been taking?
Глагол to take
Одним из наиболее распространенных глаголов английского языка является глагол to take, который встречается во многих устойчивых выражениях, является основой для большого количества фразовых глаголов и обладает целым рядом собственных значений. Вот лишь некоторые из них:
| брать, взять | Let me take your bags! | Позвольте мне взять ваши сумки! |
| занимать (какое-то время) | The way to school usually takes me half an hour. | Путь до школы занимает у меня полчаса. |
| принимать, потреблять | Take this medicine three times a day. | Принимайте это лекарство три раза в день. |
| ударить (в определенную точку) | During the match the ball took him between the eyes. | Во время матча мяч попал ему между глаз. |
| охватить, поразить | An awful disease took the whole town. | Ужасная болезнь поразила весь город. |
| привлекать, очаровывать | Tom was taken by Mary’s beauty when they first met. | Тома очаровала красота Мери уже тогда, когда они впервые встретились. |
| выбрать | Take any poem by Robert Burns and learn it by heart. | Выберите любое стихотворение Роберта Бернса и выучите его наизусть. |
| применять, использовать (какие-либо средства, в том числе средства передвижения) | Ann decided to take a taxi. Whatever means we took nothing helped. | Энн решила взять такси. Какие бы средства мы ни применяли, ничего не помогало. |
| проводить (какие-либо исследования) | They took some tests to prove their hypotheses. | Они провели несколько испытаний, чтобы проверить свои предположения. |
Как видно из приведенной выше таблицы, большинство этих значений основываются на первостепенном и базовом значении глагола to take – «брать».
Грамматические формы глагола to take
Этот глагол принадлежит к числу неправильных глаголов, что вызывает необходимость запомнить три его основные формы. Они приведены в таблице ниже:
| the Infinitive (инфинитив, начальная форма) | the Past Simple Tense (прошедшее простое время) | the Past Participle (причастие прошедшего времени) |
| to take | took | taken |
| He wants to take a photo of you. / Он хочет тебя сфотографировать. | I took your book instead of mine yesterday. / Я взял вчера твою книгу вместо своей. | The way has taken me 20 minutes that is why I am late now. / Дорога заняла у меня 20 минут, вот почему я опоздал сейчас. |
Глагол to takeупотребляется во всех временах активного залога Active Voice :
| Simple | Continuous | Perfect | Perfect Continuous | |
| Present | the Present Simple Tense take / takes He is a photographer. He takes photos of wild animals. / Он – фотограф. Он фотографирует диких животных. | the Present Continuous Tense am / is / are taking Could you speak a little more slowly? I am taking notes. / Не могли бы Вы говорить чуть помедленнее? Я записываю. | the Present Perfect Tense have / has taken She has taken a taxi to the airport. / Она взяла такси до аэропорта. | the Present Perfect Continuous Tense have / has been taking I have been taking photos of animals for two hours already. / Я уже два часа фотографирую животных. |
| Past | the Past Simple Tense took Jane took my jacket yesterday. / Джейн взяла вчера мой пиджак. | the Past Continuous Tense was / were taking When I saw Jack he was taking something out of your bag. / Когда я видел Джека, он брал что-то из твоей сумки. | the Past Perfect Tense had taken When I offered to drive Jane to the airport her sister said she had already taken a taxi. / Когда я предложил отвезти Джейн в аэропорт, ее сестра сказал, что она уже взяла такси. | the Past Perfect Continuous Tense had been taking By the time we found the right species of apes we had been taking photos of different animals for three hours already. / К тому времени, как мы нашли нужный вид обезьян, мы уже три часа фотографировали разных животных. |
| Future | the Future Simple Tense will take I will take you to Paris with me when we both have holidays. / Я возьму тебя с собой в Париж, когда у нас обоих будет отпуск. | the Future Continuous Tense will be taking I think when you arrive there they will still be taking photos of animals. / Я думаю, когда ты приедешь туда, они все еще будут фотографировать животных. | the Future Perfect Tense will have taken By the time they leave the house I will have taken a lot of photos of their meeting. /.К тому времени, как они покинут дом, я успею сделать много фотографий их собрания. | the Future Perfect Continuous Tense will have been taking By the time the teacher visits his students they will have been taking notes for half an hour. / К тому времени, как учитель навестит своих студентов, они будут делать записи уже на протяжении получаса. |
Устойчивые выражения с глаголом to take
| to take photos | фотографировать | I have bought a new camera. Let’s go to the garden and take some photos. | Я купил новый фотоаппарат. Пойдем в сад и сделаем несколько фотографий. |
| to take notes | делать заметки, записывать | During the excursion through the museum the students took some notes and then they used them for their projects. | В ходе экскурсии по музею студенты делали записи, а затем использовали их для своих проектов. |
| to take care of | заботиться о… | A lot of grannies like to take care of their grandchildren. | Многие бабушки любят заботиться о своих внуках. |
| to take part in | принимать участие в… | It’s a difficult competition, but I’d like to take part in it. | Это сложное соревнование, но я хотел бы принять в нем участие. |
| to take into account | принимать в расчет | You should also take into account the fact of her pregnancy and give her only easy work to do. | Вы также должны принимать в расчет ее беременность и давать ей выполнять только легкую работу. |
| to take measures | принять меры | The heating system in your house isn’t working properly. You should take some measures. | Отопительная система в вашем доме не работает так, как нужно. Вам следует предпринять какие либо меры. |
| to take an exam | сдавать экзамен | On Monday I’m taking an exam in English literature. | В понедельник я сдаю экзамен по английской литературе. |
| to take advantage in | извлечь выгоду из… | I’m going to take advantage in his love to arts. | Я собираюсь извлечь выгоду из его любви к искусству. |
Фразовые глаголы с основой to take
| to take after | быть похожим на … | Sue takes after her father. | Сью похожа на своего отца. |
| to take apart | разбирать что-либо на части | Jack likes to take something apart, e.g. a toy, but he never can get it together again. | Джек любит разобрать что-нибудь, например, игрушку, но он никогда не может собрать это обратно. |
| to take aside | отвести кого-либо в сторону для разговора | Ann drank too much champagne and was too loud at the table. So Mary took her away for a small talk. | Энн выпила слишком много шампанского и была слишком громкой за столом. Поэтому Мери отвела ее в сторонку для небольшого разговора. |
| to take back | вернуть | These jeans don’t fit me very well. So I’d like to take them back to the shop. | Эти джинсы на мне не очень хорошо сидят. Поэтому я хочу вернуть их обратно в магазин. |
| to take down | записывать | Stop for a while! I want to take down some facts about this place. | Остановись ненадолго! Я хочу записать несколько фактов об этом месте. |
| повалить, побить | It isn’t so easy to take a famous fighter down. | Не так-то просто побить известного борца. | |
| to take in | ушить | This jacket is too wide for me. I’d like to have it taken in. | Этот пиджак слишком широк для меня. Я бы хотела отдать его ушивать. |
| обмануть | You won’t take me in with your fiction stories! | Тебе не обмануть меня своими выдуманными историями! | |
| приютить | I have taken in a homeless puppy. | Я приютил бездомного щенка. | |
| усвоить, выучить | Tom doesn’t always take in what our teacher says. | Том не всегда понимает, что говорит наш учитель. | |
| to take off | снимать (одежду) | It’s hot. Take off your coat. | Жарко. Сними пальто. |
| взлетать | The plane was taking off and I was a little nervous. | Самолет взлетал, и я немного нервничал. | |
| to take on | брать на себя, приниматься за что-либо | I wouldn’t like to take on this task. I’m too busy. | Я бы не хотела браться за это задание. Я слишком занята. |
| to take over | взять верх, получить контроль | The new president has taken over the reign in the country and everything is going to change now. | Новый президент получил контроль над правлением в стране, и теперь все будет меняться. |
| to take to | привыкать | I live in Britain now. So I had to take to driving on the left. | Я живу в Британии сейчас. Поэтому мне пришлось привыкнуть к левостороннему движению. |
| привязаться к кому-либо / чему-либо | The children really took to their nanny. | Дети действительно привязались к своей няне. | |
| to take up | начать какое либо занятие | I’d like to take up scuba diving. | Я бы хотела начать заниматься нырянием с аквалангом. |
| занимать место / пространство | This table takes up too much place. Let’s get rid of it! | Этот стол занимает слишком много места. Давай избавимся от него! |
Надеемся, что приведенная информация поможет вам подружиться с глаголом to take и продуктивно использовать его в речи.